Showing posts with label AMCF News: Fix the Tick. Show all posts
Showing posts with label AMCF News: Fix the Tick. Show all posts

Tuesday, June 22, 2010

News 100611: Co-lo ho ho ho, did you know?, circuit breakers, CCP ownership, Englands rugby woe, offside.


Sorry, this posting a bit delayed. For those with good eyes, following the state of origin series win by Queeensland, there should be a Queensland flag flying over NSW's Sydney harbour bridge.


Co-location rule. Why not have a rant on something I know nothing about? Excellent I say. Yes, because it will level the playing field but even more so, because in my view it will curtail another avenue of predatory pricing by incumbents. As identified by the streetwise professor, the transaction value chain is constantly been commoditised with volume and scale as the triggers. Einstein also put it quite nicely (in his own way): The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.

Why should data centres be different? To me a data centre should be managed as such by dedicated providers. What makes an exchange any good at running a data centre…other than trying to sell proximity to its own commercial advantage? And I perceive a conflict of interest in maintenance versus return.

The SEC policy and ASX initiative make for a funny coupling.

Commoditise data centre access and transparency I say.

At the recent FIX conference in HK they did a great introduction with the following presentation.

I found it engaging and thought provoking. I recommend it.

You can find the Did you know video at:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL9Wu2kWwSY

I’m still not convinced on the Economic and Monetary Affairs statement “Neither should market players have a controlling influence on CCP governance and risk management.” This really needs to be taken in context. User owned and user governed is not bad. In all my experience I have never seen banks put their capital at risk ‘for the fun of it’ in central market infrastructure. Maybe someone can enlighten me? I don’t buy into shifting the utility structure to a third party who has a profit motive and not an integrity one.

I was also delighted to learn: The term Blue Chip comes from the poker chip with the highest value.

A delightful fact found on the underside of the lid to my Orange Juice. (A Liddle fact)

More startling facts are available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_Valley_Juice

Some more bits on the pending ABN Amro changes.

…and so to the important stuff…On the Rugby, looks like a pack of nancies have hit our shores…I hope they find a side to select from this lot.

The touring England party doesn't just include two teams, but also 21 officials. With the players is a team manager, attack coach, forwards coach, defence coach, scrum coach, kicking coach, team operations manager, kit technician, operations support, two analysts, a team doctor, three physiotherapists, a masseuse, a senior national fitness coach, two national fitness coaches, a sports science officer and a team media director.

…but this is just a cheap shot.

When it comes to insults, the English just do it with style…(see below).

…somewhere else in the world I understand the round ball game gets underway. If the Socceroos find fame, I’ll be their number one fair weather friend. In my heart I know all you European types are consummate professionals at cheating at this game. Challenged by a team with heart and spirit you all fold into this weird sort of negative game and play some professional ‘offside’ rule. Now, that ought to inspire a bit of hate mail!

I’ll be doing warhammer painting and watching the most inexperienced Rugby front row ever roll over this touring entourage.

Whatever your leisure, make it your pleasure,

Have a wonderful week-end all.

S

http://clearingandsettlement.blogspot.com/

Trading

11/06/2010 11:02:00

CFTC PROPOSES CO-LOCATION RULE

The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is calling for a new rule governing co-location in a bid to level the playing field for traders.

More on this story: http://www.finextra.com/news/fullstory.aspx?newsitemid=21486

ASX TO BUILD DATA CENTRE

http://www.finextra.com/news/announcement.aspx?pressreleaseid=34227

Nod for ASX rival Chi-X may come in 2011

http://www.smh.com.au/business/nod-for-asx-rival-chix-may-come-in-2011-20100608-xsj1.html

ASX Group Monthly Activity Report – May 2010

http://www.asx.com.au/about/pdf/20100603_asx_group_monthly_activity_report_may_2010.pdf

The value of daily cash market trading rose sharply in May, with the average traded value rising to $7.0 billion a day, well above the levels experienced a year ago and only marginally below the record ($7.2 billion) experienced in June 2007.

Pratt family's Thorney Investment Group abandons large stake in NSX

…As a result, NSX announced recently the partial sale of the Bendigo Stock Exchange to its joint-venture partner Financial & Energy Exchange, enabling it to concentrate on the National Stock Exchange, which it hopes can benefit from looming regulatory and competition changes in the industry

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/news/pratt-familys-thorney-investment-group-abandons-large-stake-in-nsx/story-e6frg906-1225876667733

*** this is only relevant for those of us closely watching Aussie infrastructure.

LSE MAKES BOARD CHANGES

http://www.finextra.com/news/announcement.aspx?pressreleaseid=34109

Asian markets embrace competitiveness created by MiFID
Tora, an Asian dark-pool vendor partially owned by Goldman Sachs, plans to bolster its offerings in Japan, allowing clients to execute bigger orders in more stocks. The move is an example of how Asian markets are embracing competitiveness made possible by the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. Financial News Online (U.K.) (subscription required) (07 Jun.)

Clearing

Daylight and rules for the derivatives market

Proposed EU rules on derivatives trading must be made clearer and tougher, so as to reduce speculative trading and ensure that as many derivatives as possible are traded through open channels that are subject to standards, said the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee in a resolution approved on Wednesday.

The resolution stresses that CCPs must not be organised wholly by users and that their risk management systems must not be in competition with each other. Neither should market players have a controlling influence on CCP governance and risk management. It nevertheless accepts that market players should be included on the risk board and that mechanisms should be proposed to allow them to contribute to the risk management process.

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/042-75317-151-05-23-907-20100531IPR75291-31-05-2010-2010-false/default_en.htm

EMCF Notice pursuant to Art. 9.1 (i) of the Clearing Participant Agreement

Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V. (formerly Fortis Bank Nederland (Holding) N.V.) has informed us that the 403-declaration issued in favour of EMCF will be withdrawn with effect of 1 July 2010 in accordance with article 2:404(1) of the Dutch Civil Code. This withdrawal takes place in the framework of the intended merger of Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V. and ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

The withdrawal is conditional upon the issuance of a new 403-declaration in favour of EMCF as per 1 July 2010. This new 403-declaration will be issued by ABN AMRO Group N.V. and will cover all obligations arising from legal acts of EMCF outstanding at any time. We will send you a copy of the new 403-declaration once it has been issued and filed.

EC Info Letter.

The purpose of the Info letter is to provide updates on the work of the Commission on issues related to post trading and financial market infrastructure. In particular, it focuses on the work done by Unit G2 of the Internal Market and Services DG.

The newsletter is available in electronic form. It is distributed between 2 and 4 times a year. You can subscribe/unsubscribe to the mailing list by sending an email to MARKT-G2-NEWSLETTER@ec.europa.eu.

http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/financial-markets/news/infoletter_en.htm

EU regulators will clarify rules on derivatives, clearing
EU regulators are expected soon to issue the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, which will detail information about licensing central clearing parties and what types of derivatives will be required to be routed through CCPs, an industry insider said. Officials decided to forgo issuing a directive, which can be politically sensitive and take considerable time, in favour of a regulation. Risk.net/Energy Risk (04 Jun.)

Policy

Gorge Soros speech in full

'We have just entered Act II of the drama'

…and… What are the implications of my (Soros) theory for the regulation of the financial system?

http://www.smh.com.au/business/we-have-just-entered-act-ii-of-the-drama-20100611-y1rs.html

SEC approves new circuit breakers

(FINANCIAL MARKETS) Exchanges could implement new curbs as early as Friday. 11 Jun 2010 3:58 AM read more

http://www.businessspectator.com.au/bs.nsf/Article/UPDATE-1-SEC-approves-new-trading-curbs-for-large--6ANFN?OpenDocument&src=eiw&ir=3

SEC Approves Trading Curbs for S&P 500 Stocks That Move 10%
By Nina Mehta
June 10 (Bloomberg) -- The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission approved rules that will halt trading in Standard & Poor's 500 Index stocks during periods of volatility, a response to the May 6 plunge that wiped out $862 billion in 20 minutes.

G-20 finance ministers decide against global bank tax
Finance ministers and central bankers from the Group of 20 decided to not pursue plans for a universal bank tax during their meeting in Busan, South Korea. Instead, the officials said in a statement that individual governments should consider their "circumstances and options". "If we're living in an ideal world, a global financial tax would be a good idea, but in reality, it is almost impossible to implement," said Tomo Kinoshita, an economist at Nomura Holdings. "There are too many obstacles. Reuters (05 Jun.) , Bloomberg Businessweek (05 Jun.)

*** common sense prevails.

Brokers & Vendors

Information on ABN AMRO Group N.V.

ABN AMRO Group N.V. is the holding company, wholly owned by the Dutch State, which holds the shares in ABN AMRO Bank N.V. and Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V.

ABN AMRO Bank N.V. and Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V. intend to merge. The legal merger is intended to become effective on 1 July 2010, subject to the fulfilment of the applicable conditions precedent, including but not limited to the timely receipt of relevant legal and regulatory approvals. After the legal merger the two banks will combine their activities and operate as a single bank under the name of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., held by ABN AMRO Group N.V.

More information on the merger can be found on www.abnamro.com.

Patrick Thornton-Smith leaves FFastFill
Automated Trader
FFastFill announces departure of Managing Director Patrick Thornton-Smith
http://jlne.ws/9RdiwR

*** If anyone has PTS’s new email address pls let me know. Thx, S

ASIAN INVESTOR: Instinet's John Fildes Joins High-Frequency Market-Maker Getco
Instinet, meanwhile, hires two salespeople for its electronic-trading and agency-broker offering.
By Jame DiBiasio
6/10/10

AlgoSpan and ALGO Technologies announced the selection of Interxion as their London Hub.

http://www.automatedtrader.net/headlines/42981/algospan-and-algo-technologies-select-interxion-as-london-hub

SunGard expanded its Valdi Market Access offering to the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and connected with Dutch KAS BANK for clearing and settlement.

http://www.automatedtrader.net/headlines/42981/algospan-and-algo-technologies-select-interxion-as-london-hub

Important Stuff.

O'Connor recaptures the Barbarian spirit

TIM CLARKE

Australia Barbarians 28 England 28

http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-union/union-news/oconnor-recaptures-the-barbarian-spirit-20100608-xttt.html

*** A nice story. Well done Rabbit. We’re all delighted for you. Yes?

Meet the Wallabies' new front row: 5 players, 2 caps

THE WALLABIES have taken the radical step of selecting a pimply faced yet brash front-row - with a combined 97 minutes of Test match experience - to take on the scrummaging might of England in the first Test at Subiaco Oval tomorrow night.

http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-union/union-news/meet-the-wallabies-new-front-row-5-players-2-caps-20100610-y0l3.html

*** he, he…and we’ll still win. Noice.

The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.

- Albert Einstein

When things are steep, remember to remain level headed

- Horace

There is more to life than increasing its speed.

- Gandhi

Nature does not proceed by leaps and bounds

- Linnaeus

Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity."

--Seneca,
Roman philosopher

Don't bother just to be better than your contemporaries or predecessors. Try to be better than yourself."

--William Faulkner,
American author

Quarrels would not last long if the fault were only on one side."

--François de La Rochefoucauld,
French author

When Insults Had Class

1.The exchange between Churchill & Lady Astor:

She said, "If you were my husband I'd give you poison." He said, "If you were my wife, I'd drink it."

2. A member of Parliament to Disraeli:"Sir, you will either die on the gallows or of some unspeakable disease."

"That depends, Sir," said Disraeli, "whether I embrace your policies or your mistress."

3. "He has all the virtues I dislike and none of the vices I admire." - Winston Churchill

4. "I have never killed a man, but I have read many obituaries with great pleasure." Clarence Darrow

5. "He has no enemies, but is intensely disliked by his friends.." - Oscar Wilde

6. "I am enclosing two tickets to the first night of my new play; bring a friend.... if you have one." -George Bernard Shaw to Winston Churchill. "Cannot possibly attend first night, will attend second.... if there is one." - Winston Churchill, in response.

7. "His mother should have thrown him away and kept the stork." - Mae West

8. "Some cause happiness wherever they go; others, whenever they go..."
- Oscar Wilde

Scott Riley

Business Development

Fortis Global Clearing

8th Floor | 50 Bridge Street | Sydney | Australia | 2000

((Off)+61 (0)2 8916 9634 È(Mob): +61 (0)418 117 627

* scott.riley@au.fortisclearing.com

Friday, July 3, 2009

AMCF News: Fix the Tick, Dark, TT ELX, CCP message standards, LSE fee cut

G’day All,

Been a hard graft this week. One of those weeks.

Anyway, gotta dash off to see Robbie Deans, the current Wallaby Coach (a Kiwi by “birth” – some contention over the what or how kiwis are reproduced) who I rate highly talk at dinner.
I wonder if he’ll be wearing his jandals (NZ) / thongs (Aus) / flip flops (UK)?
Being a Kiwi, I guess he will. (though he did turn out very smartly for the France game and distributed the ball nicely through the backs during warm up)

Mind you, I don’t expect anything of the calibre of our SpringBok dumbs…oops chums,
Boks continue to win in spite of their coach
Good old Peter de Villiers strikes again. Now here's a man who makes Mathieu Bastareaud seem positively sane, the Springboks coach outdoing even his own high standards of foot-in-mouth syndrome with his latest outburst.

Back to business: Fix the tick….
Roland Bellegarde, believes in defending the interests of all its customers whom we thank for their support and comments on this issue.
*** He’s right, the customer base is diverse.
Hans-Ole Jochumsen, believies that the harmonization of tick sizes across borders and marketplaces will benefit all market participants and we will be working closely together with our members to reach best possible result
*** right again.
Frank Gerstenschläger, thinks the agreed solution has the potential to stop the recently initiated 'race to the bottom' with regard to excessively granular tick sizes, and support the liquidity and efficiency of European equity markets. This will eventually benefit our customers and investors alike.
*** whoops, sorry, this one is a bit strong. It’s not about and never was about a “race to the bottom”. It was always about the optimal size to best cater to the diverse needs of the market and it’s participants.

I can’t believe any MTF thought they would take material and lasting market share by devaluing the “queue spot” (the advantage of having the smallest tick).
FESE Press release at:
http://www.fese.be/en/?inc=news&id=124


On ISV connectivity (TT/ELX). ISV’s are commercial enterprises and they need to make judgement calls. Few and far are the times I’ve done industry consultation and come up with a unanimous result. Commercial business need to make judgement calls, and sometimes this means you need to be a pioneer. Chi-X was fortunate to have many first movers who saw the opportunity in the MTF space and used it as a chance to promote their business. Good luck to them. So a plug to all the Chi-X vendors…
http://www.chi-x.com/GC_Certified_Vendors.html
Some of you weren’t there on day one, and that was your commercial judgement, and now you share a space with some new entrants.
As a new entrant, I can only wish the best of success to ELX…TT, nice problem to have to cater to so many customers.

On Clearing Standards. I’m a big supporter. The LinkUp markets shows that “standards can be agreed”. The interoperability story is also great…but the devil is in the detail. We can all talk together, but it needs to be underpinned by a legal framework. The standard is great, but the standard needs to be used / embraced to become great.

The LSE this week announced that it will lower fees on its UK order book beginning September 1, as competitors continue to win a greater share of the UK equity market.
LSE’s announcement follows similar moves at Europe’s other major exchanges. Euronext lowered cash trading fees by 20% in April and Deutsche Borse plans to cut fees by almost 30% in July.
**** It’s great to see the primary markets taking a more market oriented response to competition. Hopefully reduced fees will result in some more marginal liquidity / growth of our markets. And that’s what we should be about, growing the pie. But these announced changes are still small tweaks in the scheme of things. The Chi-X’s and EMCF’s of the world still have much to do / hold out for, before their job is done….along with the support of their participants of course!

THE Rudd government's inability to make decisions on three sharemarket operator licence applications
http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/business/story/0,28124,25715013-5014253,00.html

School holidays here so usual Saturday sports draw not on. Might even steal a sleep in!
Swine flu appears to be finding its way into the Sydney schools network with a couple rumoured cases at both the kids schools.
They’ve stopped “swabbing” here, so pretty much given up on testing all cases.
No un-usually mad oinking in the house, but wishing everyone a happy and healthy week-end!

Gotta go, times up.

S
http://clearingandsettlement.blogspot.com/






Clearing

EMCF 2008 Annual Report
http://www.euromcf.nl/editor/uploads/annual%20accounts%202008%20(published).pdf

EUROPEAN EXCHANGES AND CLEARERS LAY DOWN INTEROPERABILITY GUIDELINES Trading and clearing venues across Europe have agreed a set of standards to cover the electronic exchange of trade information between competing market infrastructures.
Full story:
http://www.finextra.com/fullstory.asp?id=20217

HELLENIC EXCHANGES AND IBERCLEAR CONNECT TO LINK UP MARKETS
http://www.finextra.com/fullpr.asp?id=28427

A Look Inside the NYSE/DTCC Derivatives Clearing VentureNYSE Euronext has joined forces with the DTCC to launch a joint venture for clearing U.S. fixed income derivatives.
*** once again, the need for an innovative clearing solution.

McCreevy sends a warning to OTC derivatives market industryThe Commission closely monitors industries commitment to clear CDS' on one or more European CCP's. “If industry is unable to deliver, we have to consider other ways to incentivise the use of CCP clearing for credit default swaps”, he warned.
*** whats the wallet size Mr Creevy? (either for the operator or for commission to develop). What’s the latest on the LCH bid? Break up LCH into commoditised and new biz…and then we start to get interests aligned.


Sorry, this is one from the archives, but I enjoyed the refresher….on those DvP models…
Study has identified three broad structural approaches to achieving DVP (or more generally, to creating a strong linkage between delivery and payment in a securities settlement system):

Model 1: systems that settle transfer instructions for both securities and funds on a trade-by-trade (gross) basis, with final (unconditional) transfer of securities from the seller to the buyer (delivery) occurring at the same time as final transfer of funds from the buyer to the seller (payment);
Model 2: systems that settle securities transfer instructions on a gross basis with final transfer of securities from the seller to the buyer (delivery) occurring throughout the processing cycle, but settle funds transfer instructions on a net basis, with final transfer of funds from the buyer to the seller (payment) occurring at the end of the processing cycle;
Model 3: systems that settle transfer instructions for both securities and funds on a net basis, with final transfers of both securities and funds occurring at the end of the processing cycle.
http://www.bis.org/publ/cpss06.pdf?noframes=1






Infrastructure

AS ELX PREPARES FOR LAUNCH, TT CHIEF REBUKES TALK OF 'BAD BLOOD' WITH BGC PARTNERS Chicago screen dealing vendor Trading Technologies has hit back at media reports that 'bad blood' between TT chief Harris Brumfield and BGC Partners CEO Howard Lutnick could mar the debut of new futures exchange ELX.
Full story:
http://www.finextra.com/fullstory.asp?id=20216
*** see comment above….and http://www.chi-x.com/GC_Certified_Vendors.html


On Wednesday, a NYSE Liffe official said that it has put its CDS clearing solution under review, as the service originally launched in December has yet to process a single trade.

NYSE Reduces Order Execution Time to Five Milliseconds, From 105 MillisecondsReplaces SuperDOT with NYSE Super Display Book to drive latency into the single digits.
NYSE Euronext this week implemented a new processing platform for the NYSE Classic market that reduced execution time from 105 milliseconds to 5 milliseconds. This technology improvement may help to stem the rapid and ongoing market share loss at the venue.
*** ummm, I don’t think so. Does this mean I can pay more faster on the primary or save more faster on the MTF?


On Tuesday NASDAQ’s start-up OTC interest rate clearing house announced that Bank of New York Mellon, one of two settlement firms
for the cash treasury market, has acquired an equity stake in the venture. The clearing house plans to offer BONY’s margin and collateral
management services to market participants.


FRANKFURT STOCK EXCHANGE TO EXTEND ELECTRONIC TRADING; RETAINS COMMITMENT TO FLOOR
http://www.finextra.com/fullpr.asp?id=28425
*** didn’t read, but amazing…someone still “retains commitment to floor”….and in Germany after the Bund? I don’t geddit.


THE TRADE NEWS: New Turquoise Service to Link Six Broker Dark PoolsBy Staff6/29/09Pan-European multilateral trading facility (MTF) Turquoise has named the first six brokers that will participate in its dark liquidity aggregation scheme, to be launched in July. The six initial ‘liquidity partners’ for the as-yet-unnamed service are CA Cheuvreux, Citadel Securities, Citi, Deutsche Bank, Bank of America Merrill Lynch, and Nomura. The MTF said further partners will follow in the coming months. The scheme will grant Turquoise clients a central point of access to the dark liquidity of these six brokers.

FINANCIAL TIMES: BATS Europe Reveals Plan for Dark PoolBy Jeremy Grant 6/29/09BATS Europe, one of a new breed of share trading platforms, will today unveil plans to launch a pan-European "dark pool", becoming the latest entrant into the growing market for dealing in large blocks of shares.

WALL STREET LETTER: Exchanges, Traders Call For Sponsored Access Review By Jeanene Timberlake6/29/09Exchange and industry executives are calling for a
Securities and Exchange Commission review of rules surrounding sponsored access. The issue has become increasingly contentious in the post-crisis environment as concerns over counterparty risk have come to the fore. Sponsored access involves buy-side firms trading on exchanges directly under a member brokerage's sponsorship without using the brokerage's trading system. As a result, some traders don't undergo pre-order validation processes, such as checks on a firm's capital availability, among others. Although sponsored access has been on the SEC's to-do list, exchanges and traders want a review to come sooner rather than later.



ICE announced that it had purchased a 4.8% stake, or 2.3 million shares, in the Climate Exchange, PLC. On speculation a full takeover may follow, Climate Exchange shares rose over 16% on
Tuesday. We estimate the position cost was about £15-£16 million or $23-$25 million.

It was confirmed that Deutsche Borse, LSE, NASDAQ, and NYSE each submitted offers to buy shares in the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

Chicago Climate Exchange announced Monday that it has entered into a joint venture with World Steel Dynamics to develop the World Steel Exchange. The new exchange will use CCFE’s trading platform (ICE) and will list futures for steel scrap settled based on the SteelBenchmarker family of price indices.


GFC

Bank of England Bi-annual Financial Stability ReportThe Report assessess the current state of the financial system. It discusses ways to strengthen the system, given that market sentiment has improved recently, along with the perceptions of the bank's resilience.



Asia

CITI SCOOPS $197.1 MILLION FROM SALE OF JAPANESE BROKERAGE TO NOMURA
http://www.finextra.com/fullpr.asp?id=28416
Interesting 1: A clear statement of focus from Citi: Citi will maintain a strong presence in securities services and transaction services in Japan. We see significant opportunity for these businesses in Japan, which play to Citi's key strengths.
Interesting 2: Nomura certainly back in the international profile.

ASIA REPORT
Slump After the Crisis Despite a period of strong growth, Asia’s electronic trading revenues are expected to stay down through 2009.
http://www.watersonline.com/public/showPage.html?page=860303





Junk / Fraud:

Bernard Madoff was sentenced by a judge in Manhattan to 150 years in prison. He had assured his clients that their money was safe with him. He did not receive a single letter of support at his sentencing hearing.
See article
*** One, how could you look someone in the eye and offer such assurance, and two, with all the cash flow he had, how could none of it found its way to a single good cause or grateful recipient?

A judge in Houston decided that Sir Allen Stanford should remain in jail. The tycoon and former cricket impresario has a passport issued by Antigua, where the banking operations at the centre of the case are based.
*** I guess there is something in this too. If you are to perpetrate a fraud, don’t do it on the countries that don’t have extradition agreements (they’ll probably murder you anyway if you do)


Pass the Buck….
Meaning
Evade responsibility by passing it on to someone else.
Origin
Look up 'buck' in the dictionary and you'll find a couple of dozen assorted nouns, verbs and adjectives. The most common use of the word these days is as the slang term for the American dollar. That's not the buck meant here though. Look a little further down the list and you'll find the definition 'buck: an article used in a game of poker' - and that's the buck that was first passed.
Poker became very popular in America during the second half of the 19th century. Players were highly suspicious of cheating or any form of bias and there's considerable folklore depicting gunslingers in shoot-outs based on accusations of dirty dealing. In order to avoid unfairness the deal changed hands during sessions. The person who was next in line to deal would be given a marker. This was often a knife, and knives often had handles made of buck's horn - hence the marker becoming known as a buck. When the dealer's turn was done he 'passed the buck'.
http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/pass-the-buck.html





Scott Riley
EMCF Business Development

European Multilateral Clearing Facility
8th Floor 50 Bridge Street Sydney Australia 2000
((Off)+61 (0)2 8916 9634 È(Mob): +61 (0)418 117 627
* scott.riley@au.fortis.com